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 * Don't worry! I've turned your Grammar Packets 1 & 2 answers into Word documents. Find them on the Handouts page! Use it to check your answers!**

Please enter your answers for last night's Grammar Packets 3 & 4 here: A. Identifying Active and Passive Voice Verbs 1. The noon whistle __announced__ lunchtime. __A__ 2. A shadow __was cast__ on the day by Jennifer's uncooperative attitude. __P__ 3. A fire engine __clanged down__ the boulevard. __A__ 4. That poem __describes__ city sounds of all kinds. __A__ 5. __Was__ the poem __written__ by an American poet? __P__ 6. Hawaiians __have used__ surfboards for more than 100 years. __A__ 7. That ball __has been hit__ out of the park! __P__ 8. The windows __were installed__ by a local company. __P__ 9. Nothing __prepares__ a traveler for the poverty of this city. __A__ 10.The official rainfall for the area __is measured__ at the airport. __P__

B. Using Active and Passive Voice Verbs 1. Four of the five Great Lakes __are shared__ by Canada and the United States. 2. The Great Lakes __hold__ almost one-fifth of the fresh surface water in the world. 3. The lakes __were dug__ by slowly moving glaciers over 25,000 years ago. 4. Before the glaciers melted, they __had moved__ numerous times across what is now the Great Lakes area. 5. Today, water in Lake Erie __drops__ 326 feet, 99 meters, to Lake Ontario. 6. The Great Lakes __are considered__ by some to be deep pools connected by narrow channels. 7. Before 1900, all the water in the Great Lakes __was drained__ into the St. Lawrence River. 8. With the opening of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal in 1900, the course of the Chicago River was changed, and since then its water __has been flowing__ away from Lake Michigan. 9. Inland ports like Chicago, Cleveland, Buffalo __are connected__ to the Atlantic Ocean by the St. Lawrence Seaway.

A. Revising to Avoid Passive Voice 1. The glacier closed the mouth of the bay. 2. The ice flow traps animals inside the bay. 3. When the glacier moves, people hear a roaring sound. 4. The water carries away ice and debris. 5. On some occasions, onlookers estimate the waves from the rushing water to be 30 feet high.

Recognizing Errors in Verb Shift. 1. Although Brady's work __had produced__ the first battlefield photographs in this country, the earliest battlefield scenes had been shot a few years earlier. //Incorrect// ​(I think the original sentence is correct, it should be produced) 2. Robert Fenton, A British journalist, __took__ battlefield photographs during the Crimean War (1853-1856). Today he is recognized as a pioneer in photojournalism. //Correct// 3. In those days, photographers had to process their photographic plates immediately after they __had taken__ the photograph. //Incorrect// 4. Therefore, when they were journeying through battlegrounds and over mountains, many photographers traveled in large wagons. //Correct// 5. A photographer's wagon __was used__ as a darkroom for developing his shots. With improvements to the process of photography, photographers __have not needed__ to develop their own shots anymore. //Incorrect//

Correcting Shifts in Tense, Form, and Voice 1. Photographs that were taken in the 1850s and 1860s give us a good idea of the world of that time. 2. Because modern systems of developing photos had not yet been invented, photographers of the day took large amounts of equipment with them. 3. In 1861, when two French photographers climbed to the top of Mont Blanc to shoot the scenery, 25 porters were taken along by them to carry their equipment. //Correct// 4. What if you went on vacation and you had to take 25 suitcases of camera equipment? 5. In America, photographs of the Western tribes were taken before their way of life changed. //Correct// 6. Early photographers took portraits of people like President Abraham Lincoln and scientist John Hershel, who had improved photographic methods in his lifetime. 7. Each exposure took several minutes; the subject held a pose for that time. 8. Jacob Riis' photographs, of the New York slums in 1888, shocked the public into action.

Compound Subjects A. Making Verbs Agree with Compound Subjects 1. __Culinary school__ //and// __experience__ **is** necessary for becoming a chef. 2. Neither __the ingredients__ //nor// t__he appearance__ **is** neglected in a fine dish. 3. Sometimes both __professional chefs__ //and// __amateurs__ **find** cooking to be a challenge. 4. Either a __microwave oven__ //or// __convention ovens__ **cause** an unpierced potato to explode while baking. 5. __Drizzled sauces__ //or// __a handmade garnish__ **makes** Allen's creations unique. 6. Neither a p__leasant atmosphere__ //nor// __competent servers__ **bring** customers to a restaurant if the food is bad. 7. Either __the exotic fruits__ //or// __the creamy custard__ **attracts** me to this dessert. 8. **Does** __a white puffy hat__ //and// __a white uniform__ still identify a person as a chef? 9. __A bowl of soup__ //or// __cup of coffee__ **have** boiled over in my microwave. 10. Neither __frozen dinners__ //nor// __a simple hot dog__ **survives** intact if overcooked in a microwave.

B. Correcting Errors in Agreement 1. Carnivals and amusement parks **offer** specialty foods. 2. Either frozen desserts or lemonade **revives** fair-goers on a hot summer day. 3. Fudge or lollipops delight many children and grown-ups. **Correct** 4. Neither a hamburger nor fries **seem** right in this heat. 5. Soft pretzels and popcorn chase away the hunger pangs between meals. **Correct**

A. Using the Correct Verb with a Compound Subject 1. Cinnamon and other spices **add** spark to dishes. 2. Either crackers or a roll **comes** with the soup. 3. Perhaps chocolate or strawberries **cause** Patty's allergic reactions. 4. Neither drink refills nor a senior citizen discount **is** available at this fast-food restaurant. 5. Peas and broccoli **heads** George's list of least-favorite vegetables. 6. Peas or broccoli **finds** its way into my family's menu at least once a week. 7. Neither the coach nor the players **know** what will be served at the sports banquet. 8. "Dog food and biscuits **taste** like cardboard," Oswald announced after he tried them. 9. Neither diet colas nor distilled water **contains** the sugar that other drinks do. 10. When Lee unexpectedly cooks for his wife, either fried eggs or an omelet **surprises** her. 11. Either rice or potatoes **coordinate** nicely with the main course. 12. Vitamin pills and fortified cereal **supplies** much of a day's nutritional needs.

B. Correcting Errors in Agreement 1. correct 2. provides 3. correct 4. satisfies 5. are 6. correct

A. Combining Sentences Using Compound Subjects

There is an ice-cream flavor to please almost everyone. Either fruit-flavored ice-cream or candy-flavored ice cream appeals to people. Double Dark Chocolate and Chocolate Fudge Brownie captivate the "chocoholics." Sorbets and sherbets offer nondairy alternatives to ice cream. A person with fragile teeth or dentures do not choose nutty ice cream. Sauces and sprinkles, like nuts or candy, are popular additions. The old saying may be right: "We all scream for ice cream."

A. Identifying Indefinite Pronouns 1. __Each__ of the Kenyan //guides// has been extremely helpful during the safari. __Singular__ 2. __Some__ of the tour //buses// visit Ottawa, Canada's capital. __Plural__ 3. __All__ of the Greek culture's //beauty// is embodied in the elegant Parthenon. __Singular__ 4. __Several__ of the //statistics// about Mount Fuji are fascinating. __Plural__ 5. In Moscow, __most__ of the //tourists// recognize the domes of St. Basil's Cathedral. __Plural__

B. Making Indefinite Pronouns and Verbs Agree 1. __Few__ of the world's ports __are__ as busy as the harbors of Singapore. 2. __All__ of the Amazon rainforest __is__ home to unusual animals and birds. 3. __Any__ of the visitors __recognize__ the 1,500-mile-long Great Wall of China. 4. __Everyone has__ seen photos of the Great Sphinx. 5. __Some__ of the glory of ancient Rome __is__ still visible in the massive ruins. 6. Among the people on our tour, __nobody__ __reports__ anything lost or stolen.